Mechanical Eng Services

ATOA's MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SERVICES

Mechanical Engineering emerged from the industrial revolution and geared the growth of machines and industrial manufacturing. Automobiles, large ships, industrial machines, micro machines, power stations, HVAC and robotic automation systems are testimony of the marvel of  Mechanical Engineering. Multifunctional, lightweight, reliable, energy efficient and low lifetime cycle cost are growth needs.  We provide mechanical engineering simulations for the machines to meet the static, thermal, dynamic and life performance requirements.  We provide Mechanical Vibration, Buckling, Frequency Response, Rotating Machinery, Transient and explicit Dynamic, Drop impact, high strain rate Crash and Manufacturing process simulation and analysis solutions. We specialise in the coupled mechanical,  thermal, structural and electromagnetic effects.

Mechanical Engineering Simulation Solutions

The mechanical engineering simulation service portfolio include,

• Vibration and mode shape analysis for rotating machinery and high speed transportation vehicles.

• Dynamic impact analysis for extreme wind and seismic load of civil engineering and industrial structures.

• Multibody Dynamic simulations of rigid and deformable systems.  

• Crash impact simulations for pedestrian, crash, occupant safety analysis of transportation vehicles.

• Fatigue and creep and damage simulation services are provided to predict the lifetime behaviors of products to ensure trouble free performance.         

• Mechanical design of automobile components, renewable energy devices, Manufacturing and material handling systems

Multiphysics Mechanical Engineering Simulation Solutions

The coupled mechanical Engineering simulation service portfolio include,

• Mechanical and thermal coupled effects for thermal induced stress, vibration and dynamic effects.

• Electrical  and Mechanical coupling for efficient material processing.

• Mechanical and Chemical coupling for stress induced corrosion and residual life prediction.

• Thermal welding,  laser welding, forming and forging Manufacturing process.

• Coating, shot peening, 3D printing, CNC shaping for advanced manufacturing methods.

• Wear and tear simulation of mechanical systems.

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Emerging Mechanical Engineering

Our focus on emerging Mechanical Engineering technologies are,

• Multifunctional material for efficient machines.

• Thermal waste heat energy recovery systems.

• Intelligent damping systems.

• Non-thermal processing of material and manufacturing methods.

• Downsized machines for higher thermodynamic and mechanical efficiency.

ATOA’s  New addition to  Mechanical Engineering Solutions,

• 3D Printing of functional machines and devices.

• Mechanical Engineering design apps for inertia, thermal, acoustical, vibration and dynamic  performance prediction.

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These simulation capabilities offer excellent simulation methodology to predict the life time performance of these structures. The inertial effect plays a critical role in the transient or time dependent response of structures. The inertia and time dependent behaviour simulation services offerings are detailed. The inertial effects and damping plays a key role in Vibration and Dynamics simulations. Unexpected structural failure may happen for dynamically loaded structures at lower loads compared to a relatively higher static load. The dynamic simulations are essential for time dependent performance prediction. The short term time dependent or strain rate dependent behaviours is critical for crash impact, bullet resistance, blast resistance simulations. Long-term time dependent simulations are critical for fatigue, creep and damage performance prediction simulations. These simulations are evolved over the years with a feedback from experimental and practical applications, to enable cost effective product design.

Thermal Mechanics Key words:  

Mechanical Applications : Aerospace: Engine, Thermal Shield, Defense: Engine, Containers, missiles, Civil: Wall/glazing Panels, HVAC, Building Insulation. Consumer & Industrial: Refrigerator, Circuit Breaker, Compressors, Electronic Components, TIM, Heat Pump, Energy: Generators, Motors, Solar Thermal, Fuel Cell,  

Vibration and Dynamics: Aerospace: Fuselage, Aeroengine, Landing Gear, Automobile: Windshield, Energy Absorber, Restraints, Airbags, Interiors. Civil: Earthquake Loading, Extreme Wind Load. Industrial: Rotating Machinery, Compressors, Washing Machine, Fan and Duct. Energy: Wind Turbine, Gas Turbines, Gear Box

Mechanical Analysis: Natural Frequency, Inertia, Damping, Velocity, Acceleration, Dynamic Analysis, Free Vibration, Forced Vibration, Harmonic Vibration, Random Vibration, Frequency Domain, Transient Domain, Damping, Over Damped, Critically Damped, Under Damped, Time Dependent, Response, Strain Rate, Damage Rate, Vibration and Mode, Shape Analysis, Dynamic, Crash and Impact Analysis, Fatigue, Creep and, Damage Analysis.

Computational Thermal Mechanics

Introduction to Thermal Mechanics

Thermal mechanics is a crucial field of engineering that deals with the behavior of materials and structures under thermal loading conditions. It encompasses the study of heat transfer, thermal stresses, and the effects of temperature variations on material properties. Understanding these principles is essential for designing systems that must operate efficiently and safely in environments with varying thermal conditions, such as aerospace, automotive, electronics, and civil engineering applications.

Use Cases in Thermal Mechanics

Thermal mechanics is applied across various industries and applications, including:

·             Aerospace Engineering: In the design of aircraft and spacecraft, where components must withstand extreme temperature variations during flight and re-entry.

·             Automotive Engineering: In the analysis of engine components, exhaust systems, and heat exchangers to ensure efficient thermal management.

·             Electronics: In the thermal management of electronic devices, such as integrated circuits and power electronics, to prevent overheating and ensure reliability.

·             Civil Engineering: In the design of buildings and structures that must endure thermal expansion and contraction due to temperature changes.

·             Energy Systems: In the analysis of thermal performance in power plants, solar collectors, and HVAC systems.

Basics of Thermal Mechanics

Thermal mechanics is based on fundamental principles of thermodynamics and heat transfer, focusing on how heat affects the performance and behavior of materials. Key concepts include:

·             Heat Transfer: The movement of thermal energy from one body or system to another, occurring through conduction, convection, and radiation.

·             Thermal Conductivity (k): A material property that quantifies how easily heat can pass through a material. High thermal conductivity materials, like metals, transfer heat quickly, while insulating materials, like plastics and ceramics, resist heat transfer.

·             Thermal Expansion: The tendency of materials to expand or contract in response to temperature changes, described by the coefficient of thermal expansion ().

·             Thermal Stress: Internal stresses generated within a material due to temperature variations, which can lead to deformation or failure if not properly managed.

·             Energy Conservation: The principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. This principle governs thermal analysis and heat transfer calculations.

Types of Thermal Analysis

Thermal analysis can be categorized into several types:

·             Steady-State Analysis: Assumes that the temperature distribution within a system does not change with time. This approach is often used in heat exchanger design and thermal insulation analysis.

·             Transient Analysis: Considers time-dependent changes in temperature, applicable in scenarios where thermal conditions vary rapidly, such as startup or shutdown processes.

·             Coupled Thermal-Mechanical Analysis: Integrates thermal and mechanical analyses to understand how temperature variations affect structural integrity and performance.

Computational Models in Thermal Mechanics

Computational models are essential for analyzing complex thermal problems in engineering. Common methods include:

·             Finite Element Method (FEM): A numerical approach that divides a structure into smaller elements, allowing for detailed thermal analysis under varying conditions. FEM is widely used for both steady-state and transient thermal analyses.

·             Finite Difference Method (FDM): A technique that approximates differential equations by discretizing the domain into a grid, useful for solving heat conduction problems.

·             Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD): Employed to analyze heat transfer in fluid systems, such as heat exchangers, by simulating fluid flow and temperature distribution.

Partial Differential Equations (PDE) in Thermal Mechanics

The behavior of thermal systems is governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) that describe heat transfer and thermal stresses. The most common equations in thermal mechanics include:

•  Heat Equation: Describes the distribution of heat (temperature) in a given region over time. It can be expressed as:

• 𝜕𝝩/𝜕t  = 𝜶 𝞩2 𝝩, 

 where 𝝩 is the temperature,   t is time, and  𝜶 is the thermal diffusivity of the material.

• Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction: Relates the heat flux to the temperature gradient within a material:

• q =  -𝝹 𝞩𝝩

where q is the heat flux vector and 𝝹 is the thermal conductivity.

• Energy Equation: Accounts for the conservation of energy in thermal systems, often used in coupled thermal-mechanical analyses.

Characterizing Material Properties

Typical required material properties in thermal mechanics include:

·             Thermal Conductivity (𝝹): Indicates a material’s ability to conduct heat.

·             Specific Heat Capacity (c): The amount of heat required to change a unit mass of a material by one degree Celsius, influencing thermal response during heating and cooling.

·             Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (𝜶): Determines how much a material expands or contracts with temperature changes.

·             Thermal Resistance (R): Represents a material’s ability to resist heat flow, often used in insulation applications.

·             Phase Change Properties: Characteristics of materials that undergo phase changes (e.g., melting, solidification) under varying temperature conditions.

Typical Product Performance Characteristics

The performance characteristics of thermal systems designed using computational mechanics include:

·             Temperature Distribution: Understanding how temperature varies within a system during operation.

·             Thermal Stress Resistance: The ability of a material or structure to withstand thermal stresses without failing.

·             Heat Transfer Efficiency: The effectiveness of a system in transferring heat, crucial for heat exchangers and thermal management systems.

·             Response Time: The time it takes for a system to reach thermal equilibrium or respond to changes in thermal loading.

·             Durability: The ability of materials to maintain performance over time under varying thermal conditions.

Summary of Thermal Mechanics

The field of thermal mechanics within computational domains is essential for designing and analyzing systems subjected to thermal loads. With advancements in computational models, numerical methods, and innovative materials, engineers can create products that perform effectively in diverse thermal environments. Continuous evolution and integration of new technologies will further enhance the potential for innovation in thermal mechanics, ensuring that engineering solutions meet the challenges of modern applications.